Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is described as the chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by elevation of blood glucose concentration (fasting plasma glucose >7mmol; or plasma glucose> 11.1mmol/l two hours after a meal) – caused by relative or absolute insulin deficiency in the body often accompanied with insulin resistance (Kartzung, 2003). Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas necessary for the body cells ability to utilize blood glucose (U S Department of Health & Human Services, 2014). Hyperglycemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled DM and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body’s systems especially the nerves and blood vessels. World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) identified that the number of people living with DM and its prevalence are growing in all regions of the world whereby worldwide the figure was 422 million adults (8.5% of the population) in 2014 having DM.
