Abstract Each day thousands of healthcare workers (HCWs), around the world, suffer accidental occupational exposures during the course of their role of caring for patients. Occupational exposure to blood or other body fluids in health care settings constitutes significant risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood-borne pathogens. Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a medical response to prevent transmission of pathogens after potential exposure and refers to comprehensive management instituted to minimize the risk of infection following potential exposure to blood-borne pathogens (HIV, HBV, HCV). This study was designed to assess the level of awareness of HIV PEP among the health care workers in Ishaka-Bushenyi. Data about awareness and knowledge was collected using a self administered questionnaire. One hundred twenty seven (127), respondents comprising doctors, clinical officers, laboratory personnel, pharmacists, nurses and midwives were recruited into the study. The highest number of respondents (39.69%) were nurses while the doctors with 2.29% were the least in number. 98.47% of the respondents were aware of occupational HIV PEP. 96.95% believe HIV PEP works. Only 66.67% reported to seek PEP incase of exposure. Knowledge about when to initiate HIV PEP, period of taking and HIV PEP drug combinations was scanty. All healthcare units should ensure to have adequate staff counseling and education about risk of infection after occupational exposure. HCPs should be educated to report occupational exposures immediately after the occurrence, particularly because HIV - PEP is most effective if administered soon after the exposure.
