TABLE OF CONTENT
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................................................. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................•....... v
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF ABBREVIA TIONS ...................................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................•.......................... ix
CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Historical background ................................................................................................................ 2
1.2 An Overview of the EIA Process in Uganda ............................................................................ 5
I .2 Problem statement ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Objectives of the study .............................................................................................................. 9
1.3.0 Main objective ....................................................................................................................... 9
1.3.1 Specific objectives ................................................................................................................. 9
1.4 Research Question .................................................................................................................. 10
I .5 Literature review ..................................................................................................................... 1 0
1.6 Scope of the study ................................................................................................................... 12
1.6.0 Geographical scope ......................................................................................•....................... 12
1.6.1 Content scope ...............................................................................................................•....... 12
1.6.2Time scope ............................................................................................................................ 12
1.7 Significance of the study ......................................................................................................... 12
1.8 Research Methodology ........................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER TW0: ....................................................................................................................... 14
THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ................ 14
2.1 Definition, purpose, and assessment of EIA ........................................................................... 14
2.2 The Environment Impact Assessment Process (EIA) ............................................................. 19
2.3.1 The National Environment Act ........................................................................................... 22
2.3 .2 Environmental Restoration orders ....................................................................................... 23
2.3.3 The National Environment (Wetlands, Riverbanks and Lake Shore Management)
Regulations ................................................................................................................................... 24
ii
2.3.4 The National Environment (Waste Management Regulations), No. 52 of 1999 .................. 25
2.3.5The Water Act ....................................................................................................................... 26
2.3.6The Wildlife Act cap 200 ...................................................................................................... 26
2.3.7 The Land Act. ...................................................................................................................... 27
2.3.8 The Investment Code ........................................................................................................... 27
2.3.9 The Wetlands Policy . ........................................................................................................... 27
2.3.10 The Environment Impact Assessment Regulations . .......................................................... 28
2.3.11 Mining Act ........................................................................................................................ 28
CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................................... 29
3.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 29
CONCLUSION: ............................................................................................................................ 34
CHAPTER FOUR ....................................................................................................................... 36
METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 36
4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 36
4.2 Research design ...................................................................................................................... 36
4.3 Study population ..................................................................................................................... 3 7
4.4 Sampling size and selection .................................................................................................... 37
4.4.1 Sampling techniques ............................................................................................................ 38
4.5 Research instruments .............................................................................................................. 39
Questionnaires ............................................................................................................................... 39
Data presentation and analysis ...................................................................................................... 39
4.6 Results of questionnaire ......................................................................................................... 40
CHAPTER FIVE ...................................................................................................................... .,59
THE SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION ................ 59
5.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 59
5.1 Summary of Findings .............................................................................................................. 59
5.2 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 63
5.3 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 64
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 68
ABSTRACT Uganda has serious environmental degradation. related to the oil and gas industry .and the research is hinged on the main objective of the topic. The National Environment Management Authority, Petroleum Authority Uganda reports, yet there are no coherent policies on the environment to deal with the on-going problems. Significant improvements can be achieved by good Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) and strict adherence to regulations. The history, strengths and weaknesses of EIA application and implementation in the oil industry are reviewed and assessed. The main research methods used was the use of sampling and questionnaires sent to 200 recipients of whom 133 responded, and who were identified as a representative crosssection of stakeholders; including oil industry personnel, academics, government organisations personnel, representatives from local communities affected by the pollution, and NonGovernmental Organisations (NGOs ). The questionnaire survey and sampling were used to determine the views of the stakeholders on the role of EIA in Uganda's oil and gas industry; it also investigated the levels of the respondents" involvement, experience and participation in EIA. The data from the questionnaire was analysed using statistical methods, which elucidated the nature of the perceived conflict between the oil companies and government organisations, against academics and stake-holder communities. The results clearly demonstrated the ingrained views and perceptions on each side of the dispute. In addition the results highlighted the constraints and challenges faced by various stakeholders in conducting EIA in Uganda, and emphasized the need for changes in the way EIAs were conducted in the oil industry. The research identified components of particular concern within the Uganda's EIA structure, process and implementation; and raised questions about the adoption or external Agency or industry imposition of 1st World designed EIAs in Uganda.
