TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................... iii
LEGISLATIONS AND STATUTES ............................................................................................. viii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... ix
CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1
GENERAL OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Background of the Study ........................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................................................... 10
1.4 Objectives of the Study ............................................................................................................ 12
1.4.1 General Objective ................................................................................................................. 12
1.5 Research Questions .................................................................................................................. 13
1.6 Hypothesis of the Study ........................................................................................................... 13
I. 7 Significance of the Study ......................................................................................................... 13
1.8 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 14
1.9 The Scope of the Study ............................................................................................................ 14
CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................................... 16
LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................................... 16
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CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................................ 20
HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF CORRUPTION IN UGANDA VIZ-A-VIZ: THE
EXISTENCE OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ITS COMBAT ........................................... 20
3 .I Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 20
3.2 Consequences ofCorruption .................................................................................................... 24
3.2.1 Poverty ................................................................................................................................. 24
3.2.2 Political Instability ................................................................................................................ 24
3.2.3 Effect on Environment and Wildlife ...................................................................................... 25
3.2.4 Discriminatory Distribution of Services ................................................................................ 25
3.2.5 Hinders Foreign Investment .................................................................................................. 25
3.2.6 Inhibit Control ofDiseases .................................................................................................... 26
3.7 Legal Framework to Combat Corruption in Uganda ................................................................. 26
3.8 Domestic Legislation ............................................................................................................... 27
3.8.1 The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995 ................................................................. 27
3.8.2 The Anti Corruption Act 2009 .............................................................................................. 28
3.8.3 The Penal Code Act Cap. 106 ............................................................................................... 31
3.8.4 The Inspector General of Government Act 2012 .................................................................... 32
3.8.5 The Leadership Code Act 2002 ............................................................................................. 34
3.8.6 The Whistleblowers Protection Act 2010 .............................................................................. 37
3.9 International Conventions on Corruption ................................................................................. 38
3.9.1 The United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003 ...................................................... 38
3.9.2 The African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption 2003 .................... 41
3.10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 43
CHAPTER FOUR .................................................................................................................. 44
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................ 44
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4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 44
4.2 The Inspectorate of Government .............................................................................................. 44
4.3 Directorate of Ethics and Integrity ........................................................................................... 45
4.4 The Office of the Auditor General ........................................................................................... 48
4.5 The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) 342 ............................................................................ 52
4.6 Criminal Investigations Department (CID) ............................................................................... 54
4.6.1 Corruption (Public Sector Fraud) .......................................................................................... 57
4.6.2 Summary of Public Sector Corruption Cases Investigated During the Year 20 l 0 ................... 58
4.6.3. Estimated Recoveries from Public Sector Corruption Cases ................................................. 58
4. 7 Economic Crimes (Private Sector Fraud and Corruption) ......................................................... 59
4.7.1 The major recoveries made in this category or crimes in the year 2010 are indicated below: .. 60
4.7.2 The major Challenges Experienced Included the Following ................................................... 60
4.8 Land Frauds ............................................................................................................................. 62
4.9 Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP) ................................................................................. 62
CHAPTER FIVE .................................................................................................................... 63
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................... 63
5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 63
5.2 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 63
5.3 Further Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 64
5.3.1 Improving the Effectiveness of the IGG ................................................................................ 64
5.3.2 Declarations of Leaders be Lodged Immediately ................................................................... 64
5.3.3 Technical Facilitation of the IGG .......................................................................................... 64
5.3.4 Immediate Publicizing of Declarations by IGG with the Inspectorate .................................... 65
5.3.5 Sensitization of the Public on Existing Laws ......................................................................... 65
5.3.6 Follow-up on implementation of Legislation by Government ................................................ 65
ABSTRACT This study "The legal and institutional framework in the fight against corruption: The case law' was carried out in Uganda, with specific aims to; find out the cause of corruption in the existing institutional framework in Uganda; examine impact of corruption on the performance of institutions in Uganda; identifY the loopholes and excesses of the performance of the Anticorruption agencies and to suggest ways to counter these loopholes and excesses. To comprehend this, the study reviewed literature from various scholars on the specific aims as well as different laws from different countries that govern anti-corruption within the public as well as the private sector. This was done through use of a qualitative design in which the researcher relied on book review and interviewing a few members from the office of the IGG, AntiCorruption Court, Directorate of Ethics and Integrity, Parliament Auditor General. The study findings indicate that, the cause of corruption despite the existing institutional framework includes; greed, nepotism, sectarianism and above all autocratic tendencies. The challenges of corruption are noted to include poor coordination and facilitation, incompetent and corrupt staff, lack of independence of the anti-corruption agencies, lack of political will and zeal of the public and poor enforcement. The impact of corruption was established to reduced foreign investment, discriminatory distribution of services, political instability and poverty to which the suggested recommendations can counter these excesses. It is concluded that, the anti-corruption agencies if not left to be free of the political will of those in power, anti-corruption measures will be countered by favouritism.
