ABSTRACT
This research is aim at isolating and characterization of microorganism (fungi and bacteria) from pap sold in Enugu metropolis. This research was carried out by getting ten (10) different sample from ten (10) prominent areas of the state (Abakpa, Coal Camp, Obiagu, Emene, Uwani, Eke Obinagu, New Layout, New Heaven, Ogui Road and Trans-ekulu). The samples were aseptically collected and were conveyed to the laboratory where they were analyzed. From the result of the microbiological analysis, bacteria (Lactobacillus spp, Leuconostoc spp, Micrococcus spp, Escherichia spp, Pseudomonas spp) and fungi (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp, Trichosporon sp) were isolated. Thus, the research shows that pap sold in Enugu metropolis contain microorganism. However, the critical points of contamination of Ogi during production could be through water that were used for soaking, during grinding and the muslin clothes used for sieving. It is important that appropriate safety measures and good manufacturing practices could ensure quality ogi that would be free from all these microbial contaminants.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Approval page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Table of content vi
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background to the study 1
Statement of Problem 2
Purpose of the Study 3
Significance of Study 3
Limitation of the Study 3
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
Overview of Pap (Ogi) 4
Fermentation of Cereals 5
Microorganisms for Cereal Fermentations 7
Preparation Effects on the Physical, Chemical and Microbial of Pap (Ogi) 9
Fermentation Process of Pap (Ogi) 11
Microbial properties of Ogi 12
Physical properties of Ogi 13
Nutritional and chemical properties of Ogi 14
CHAPTER 3
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials 17
Reagents and Media 18
Sterilization of Equipment 19
Collection of Sample 19
Preparation of Media 19
Preparation of Samples 19
Isolation of Bacteria 20
Characterization of Isolates 20
Biochemical Tests for Identification of Bacteria 21
Isolation of Fungi 23
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS
Colony Formation of Microorganisms 24
Colony characterization of Bacterial Isolate 25
Microscopic characterization 26
Biochemical test 27
Fungal macroscopic and microscopic characterization 28
CHAPTER 5
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Discussion 29
Conclusion 30
Recommendation 31
References 32
