DOMESTIC WATER TREATMENT USING MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED POWDER

  • Type: Project
  • Department: Civil Engineering
  • Project ID: CVE0225
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Pages: 85 Pages
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 209
  • Report This work

For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853
ABSTRACT
Most people living in rural communities, have no access to good domestic water for 
consumption. The inhabitants depends on rain water, well water and sometimes surface 
water for consumption. Improper treatment of water gotten from these sources, can lead 
to the spread of water borne diseases, because, sometimes the water gotten from these 
sources are turbid. Although, some inhabitants use alum to treat the water so as to make 
the water clear. But excessive usage of alum to treat water can induce Alzheimers 
disease. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness 
of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa oleifera seeds, a cheap and readily 
available local coagulant, on water quality. Four water samples were gotten from each 
of the rain water, hand dug well and borehole water sources. The physical, chemical, 
and biological characteristics of the water was examined using alum and moringa seed 
powder respectively. It was observed that the physical characteristics such as the 
appearance, odour, total solids and turbidity of the water samples was improved upon 
addition of alum and moringa seed extract respectively, but the seed extract proved 
more efficient in treating the water samples. As for the chemical characteristics of the 
water samples, addition of alum further reduced the pH of the water and made the water 
more acidic. Also, the nitrate, iron, sulphate, B.O.D, dissolved oxygen the water got 
reduced. It was also observed that chemical parameters such as electrical conductivity, 
total alkalinity, chloride, magnesium and calcium hardness was increased, and in some 
instances beyond the permissible limits. Addition of Moringa seed extract was observed 
to improve the chemical characteristics of the water samples. The pH of the water was 
stabilized. Parameters such as electrical conductivity, nitrate, total alkalinity, chloride, 
magnesium and calcium hardness, iron and sulphate was reduced. Also, the dissolved 
oxygen and B.O.D was increased. Lastly, the biological parameter such the the bacteria 
count remain unchanged upon addition of alum and moringa seed extract respectively. 
Findings from this study indicate that Moringa oleifera, a natural coagulant, can be a 
potentially viable substitute to alum in treatment of water.

TABLE OF CONTENT    
viii      
ix  LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Formation of a microfloc ........................................................................... 20 Figure 2.2: Formation of a floc from microfloc ........................................................... 21 Figure 2.3: Conventional water treatment process ...................................................... 28 Figure 3.1: Position of Ekiti State on the map of Nigeria ............................................ 29 Figure 3.2: Map of Ekiti State showing all local government area of the state ........... 30 Figure 3.3: An overview of methodology .................................................................... 32 Figure 4.1: Total solids rain water ............................................................................... 53 Figure 4.2: Total solids hand dug well......................................................................... 53 Figure 4.3: Total solids hand pump borehole .............................................................. 54 Figure 4.4: Turbidity rain water ................................................................................... 55 Figure 4.5: Turbidity hand dug well ............................................................................ 55 Figure 4.6: Turbidity hand pump borehole .................................................................. 56 Figure 4.7: Electrical conductivity rain water .............................................................. 57 Figure 4.8: Electrical conductivity hand dug well ....................................................... 57 Figure 4.9: Electrical conductivity hand pump borehole ............................................. 58 Figure 4.10: pH value rain water ................................................................................. 59 Figure 4.11: pH value hand dug well ........................................................................... 59 Figure 4.12: pH value hand pump borehole................................................................. 60 Figure 4.13: Nitrate rain water ..................................................................................... 61 Figure 4.14: Nitrate hand dug well .............................................................................. 61 Figure 4.15: Nitrate hand pump borehole .................................................................... 62 Figure 4.16: Total alkalinity rain water ....................................................................... 63 Figure 4.17: Total alkalinity hand dug well ................................................................. 63 Figure 4.18: Total alkalinity hand pump borehole....................................................... 64 Figure 4.19: Chloride rain water .................................................................................. 65 Figure 4.20: Chloride hand dug well ........................................................................... 65 Figure 4.21: Chloride hand pump borehole ................................................................. 66 Figure 4.22: Magnesium hardness rain water .............................................................. 67 Figure 4.23: Magnesium hardness hand dug well ....................................................... 68 Figure 4.24: Magnesium hardness hand pump borehole ............................................. 68 Figure 4.25: Calcium hardness rain water ................................................................... 68 Figure 4.26: Calcium hardness hand dug well ............................................................. 69 Figure 4.27: Calcium hardness hand pump borehole ................................................... 69 
x  Figure 4.28: Iron rain water ......................................................................................... 70 Figure 4.29: Iron hand dug well ................................................................................... 71 Figure 4.30: Iron hand pump borehole ........................................................................ 71 Figure 4.31: Sulphate rain water .................................................................................. 72 Figure 4.32: Sulphate hand dug well ........................................................................... 73 Figure 4.33: Sulphate hand pump borehole ................................................................. 73 Figure 4.34: Dissolved oxygen rain water ................................................................... 74 Figure 4.35: Dissolved oxygen hand dug well............................................................. 74 Figure 4.36: Dissolved oxygen hand pump borehole .................................................. 75 Figure 4.37: B.O.D rain water ..................................................................................... 76 Figure 4.38: B.O.D hand dug well ............................................................................... 76 Figure 4.39: B.O.D  hand pump borehole .................................................................... 77 Figure 4.40: Bacterial count rain water ........................................................................ 78 Figure 4.41: Bacterial count hand dug well ................................................................. 78 Figure 4.42: Bacterial count hand pump borehole ....................................................... 79     
xi  LIST OF PLATES Plate 3.1: Moringa tree ................................................................................................. 31 Plate 3.2: Moringa seed................................................................................................ 31 Plate 3.3: Moringa oleifera de-husked seed kernels .................................................... 33 Plate 3.4: Moringa oleifera seed powder ..................................................................... 33    
xii  LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Details of Sample Source............................................................................ 34 Table 3.2:  Physical, Chemical and Biological Parameters of Drinking Water ........... 36 Table 4.1 Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Rain Water for Sample 1 ... 39 Table 4.2: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Rain Water for Sample 2 .. 40 Table 4.3: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Rain Water for Sample 3 .. 41 Table 4.4: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Rain Water for Sample 4 .. 42 Table 4.5: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Dug Well for Sample 1...................................................................................................................................... 43 Table 4.6: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Dug Well for Sample 2...................................................................................................................................... 44 Table 4.7: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Dug Well for Sample 3...................................................................................................................................... 45 Table 4.8: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Dug Well for Sample 4...................................................................................................................................... 46 Table 4.9:  Physical Chemical and  Biological Analysis of  Hand  Pump  Borehole for Sample 1....................................................................................................................... 47 Table 4.10: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Pump Borehole for Sample 2....................................................................................................................... 48 Table 4.11: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Pump Borehole for Sample 3....................................................................................................................... 49 Table 4.12: Physical Chemical and Biological Analysis of Hand Pump Borehole for Sample 4....................................................................................................................... 50   
DOMESTIC WATER TREATMENT USING MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED POWDER
For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853

Share This
  • Type: Project
  • Department: Civil Engineering
  • Project ID: CVE0225
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Pages: 85 Pages
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 209
Payment Instruction
Bank payment for Nigerians, Make a payment of ₦ 5,000 to

Bank GTBANK
gtbank
Account Name Obiaks Business Venture
Account Number 0211074565

Bitcoin: Make a payment of 0.0005 to

Bitcoin(Btc)

btc wallet
Copy to clipboard Copy text

500
Leave a comment...

    Details

    Type Project
    Department Civil Engineering
    Project ID CVE0225
    Fee ₦5,000 ($14)
    No of Pages 85 Pages
    Format Microsoft Word

    Related Works

    Abstract The study was carried out to determine the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder additive on the growth of layers, egg production and nutritive value of eggs. Specifically, the study sought to determine among others the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder fortified feeds and control feed on the growth of layers, effects of different... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The need for effective and efficient means of oil extraction has been a concern in recent time. Hence, this study aimed at the oil extraction from Moringa oleifera seeds using the Microwave-Assisted extraction method. The extraction process was modeled using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Also, the evaluation of Moringa oleifera oil... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The need for effective and efficient means of oil extraction has been a concern in recent time. Hence, this study aimed at the oil extraction from Moringa oleifera seeds using the Microwave-Assisted extraction method. The extraction process was modeled using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Also, the evaluation of Moringa oleifera oil... Continue Reading
      TABLE OF CONTENTS   Contents                                                                                                                     pages Title page ... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The effects of Moringa o/eifera seed meal (MSM) on the growth performance and haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were investigated for a period of eight (8) weeks. Five iso-nitrogenous (40% crude protein) diets were fonnulated under completely randomized experiment in which MSM replaced fish meal (FM) at 0% (Tl), 25%... Continue Reading
     ABSTRACT The effects of Moringa o/eifera seed meal (MSM) on the growth performance and  haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were investigated for a period of eight (8) weeks. Five iso-nitrogenous (40% crude protein) diets were fonnulated under completely randomized experiment in which MSM replaced fish meal (FM) at 0% (Tl),... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial activity of seed oil of Moringa oleifera and garlic against some selected food-borne microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using disc diffusion method. The antibacterial assay results shows that the seed oil of Moringa... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The primary objective of this study is to identify the most appropriate herbal plants for the removal of contaminants from water and also to develop a water treatment kit at an affordable cost for the society.  Moringa Oleifera was chosen for this study, the effectiveness of these herbs in the removal of fluoride from water shows that... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The primary objective of this study is to identify the most appropriate herbal plants for the removal of contaminants from water and also to develop a water treatment kit at an affordable cost for the society.  Moringa Oleifera was chosen for this study, the effectiveness of these herbs in the removal of fluoride from water shows that... Continue Reading
    This study focused on elucidating the anatomy of Moringa oleifera seed and developing an efficient and cost effective procedure for using Moringa oleifera seeds to produce natural coagulant for use in drinking water treatment. The study investigates processing Moringa oleifera seeds to concentrate the bio-active constituents which have coagulation... Continue Reading
    Call Us
    Get this work
    whatsappWhatsApp Us