In early times, we believed that we had an unlimited abundance of land and resources. Today, however, the resources in the world show in greater or lesser degree, our carelessness and negligence in using them. The problem associated with contaminated sites now assume increasing prominence in many countries. Contaminated lands generally result from past industrial activities. When awareness of the health and environmental effects connected with the production, use and disposal of hazardous substances were less well recognized than today then, environmental contamination is increasing day by day because of increase in population, industrialization and urbanization.
Bioremediation is the technology that uses microorganism metabolism to remove pollutant, it uses relatively low-cost, low-technology techniques which generally have a high public acceptance and can often be carried out on site. This technology includes; biostimulation (stimulation viable native microbial population), biosorption (dead Microbial biomass), bioaugmentation (artificial introduction of viable population), bioaccumulation (live cells), (plants) and rhizoremediation (plant and microbe interaction). The use of culture independent molecular techniques has definitely helped us to understand the microbial community dynamics, structure and assisted in providing the insight in to details of bioremediation which has surely facilitated to make the technology safer and reliable.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Pagei
Table of Contentii
Abstractiii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0Introduction 1
1.1Phytoremediation 3
1.2Bioventing4
1.3Bioaugmentation5
1.4Bioreactors6
CHAPTER TWO
2.0Types of Bioremediation7
2.1Bioaugmentation7
2.2Biostimulation8
2.3Intrinsic Bioremediation9
2.4Biosparging9
2.5Bioventing10
CHAPTER THREE
3.0Principle of Bioremediation11
3.1Factors of Bioremediation12
3.2Existence of Microbial Population13
3.3Division of Microorganisms13
3.4Environmental Factors15
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0Developmental Methods Applied in Bioremediation 16
The aim of this research is to determine the level of heavy metals contamination of agricultural soil and to reduce its concentration in the soil. Soil sampled at Inua Eyet Ikot, Mkpanak, Ibeno Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State was analyzed to check for the initial heavy metal concentration of the soil. Poultry litter as a nutrient additive... Continue Reading
The aim of this research is to determine the level of heavy metals contamination of agricultural soil and to reduce its concentration in the soil. Soil sampled at Inua Eyet Ikot, Mkpanak, Ibeno Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State was analyzed to check for the initial heavy metal concentration of the soil. Poultry litter as a nutrient additive... Continue Reading
Abstract Two different set of soil samples were collected near Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company Limited (KRPC), a Subsidiary of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Kaduna. The first set of samples labelled (D) was obtained from areas where diesel from the refinery spilled into the environment and the second set of samples... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT This work deals with the multi-faceted impact of gas flaring on a global scale and the different approach employed by researchers to measuring gas flared and its resulting emissions and the effect on environment, life and so on. It gives an overview of method employed by these researchers in the oil and gas industry,... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT In this research project, the various nail was subjected to six environments so as to check the effect of the environments on corrosion of the nails. Two sets of nails were used; normal nail and concrete nail. Six of each type while the other not coated. The environments used are acidic solution, alkaline solution, salt solution, boiled... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT In this research project, the various nail were subjected to six environments so as to check the effect of the environments on corrosion of the nails. Two sets of nails were used; normal nail and concrete nail. Six of each type while the other not coated. The research was carried out in the physical chemical laboratory of the institute of... Continue Reading
: A CASE STUDY OF EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE ABSTRACT The project gives a summary of the entire research study, which was designed to find out the causes of pollution and its effects on man and its environment. 300 persons were used as subject of this study. This attempt... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT In this research project, the various nail were subjected to six environments so as to check the effect of the environments on corrosion of the nails. Two sets of nails was used; normal nail and concrete nail. Six of each type while the other not coated. The research was carried out in the physical... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT In this research project, the various nail were subjected to six environments so as to check the effect of the environments on corrosion of the nails. Two sets of nails were used; normal nail and concrete nail. Six of each type while the other not coated. The research was carried out in the physical... Continue Reading
(A STUDY OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN ENUGU METROPOLIS) ABSTRACT This research work examined the Effect of internal environment on organizational performance. A study of selected manufacturing firms in Enugu Metropolis. The objectives of the study include to: ascertain the extent... Continue Reading