PRODUCTION OF PLANT MIRROR USING LOCAL RAW MATERIAL

  • Type: Project
  • Department: Chemical Engineering
  • Project ID: CNG0007
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Chapters: 6 Chapters
  • Pages: 57 Pages
  • Methodology: nil
  • Reference: YES
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 2K
  • Report This work

For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853
PRODUCTION OF PLANT MIRROR USING LOCAL RAW MATERIAL
ABSTRACT

This project “production of plane mirror using local raw material” is meant to study the possibility of producing plane mirror using sand rich in silica as its major local raw material.
Plane mirror is produced by casting one side of a sheet glass.  Presently in Nigeria, sheet glass is not used easily produce and as such, the local raw material used in the in the production of plane mirror in this product backing paint.  The facilities for the production include spraying gun and finger brush.
In the course of production, the silver nitrate was first mixed with a reducing reagent; we formaldehyde of glucose, all in a distilled water.  After which the mirror backing paint was mixed with some amount of thinner.  The float glass was then washed with warm water and allowed to dry.  After drying, it was first coated with silver nitrate solution after the use of talcum power to rub on the back of the glass.
 A second spraying of mirror- backing paint was done after the silver nitrate coating had dried up.  This whole operation now resulted to a plane-mirror since a plane mirror is also a coated glass.
The reflection of the mirror was taken after coating the glass, while the refractive index of the glass was taken before coating the float glass to form a mirror.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1       Historical Background
1.2       Definition:
1.3       Aims:
1.4       Scope of Study:
1.5       Uses:
1.6       Properties:
CHAPTER TWO
1.0              LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1       Plane Mirror
2.2       Raw Material for Production of Plane Mirror
2.2.1    Sand
2.2.2          Soda Ash (Sodium Trioxocarbonate Iv)
2.2.3          Limestone (Calcium Trioxocarbonate (W)
2.3.0          Other Raw Material (Ie Additives)
2.3.1          Colouring and Decolourizing Agents
2.3.2          Melting and Refining Agents
2.3.3          Opalizing Agents
2.2.4          Modifiers
2.3.5          Cullet
2.40           Types of Furnaces
2.4.1          Tank Furnance
2.4.2          Pot Furances
2.4.3          Day Tanks
2.4.3          Recuperative Furnance
2.5.0                    Glass Formation
2.5.1          Glass Melting Process
2.5             Preparation of the Batch
2.5.1          Melting Of Glass
2.6             Types of Glasses
2.6.2          Float Glass
2.7             Manufacture of Mirror
2.7.1          Sequence of Production
2.7.2          Cutting
2.7.2          Labelling
2.7.3          Polishing
2.7.4          Washing Operation
2.7.5          Silvering Spraying
2.7.6          Painting
2.7.7          Oven
2.7.8          Cleaning and Inspection
2.7.10        Drilling
2.8.0          Types of Mirrors
2.9.0          Optical Properties of Mirror
2.9.1          Refractive Index and Dispersion
2.9.2          Transparency
CHAPTER THREE
3.0             Experiment Procedure for Production Of plane mirror
3.1             Raw Materials
3.2             Apparatus/Equipment
3.3             Preparation of mirror silvering chemical
3.4             Operational procedures involved in the production of plane mirror
3.5                          Experimental Result
3.5.1                    Refractive Index Of Glass
3.5.2          Reflection of Plane Mirror
3.61                      Experimental Date For Refractive Index
3.61.1                Experimental Data For Reflection
3.5.2          Reflection of Plane Mirror
CHAPTER FOUR
DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER SIX
RECOMMENDATION
CHAPTER ONE
2.0              INTRODUCTION
1.1       HISTORICAL BACKROUND
According to the history of glass- mirror- Eye glasses- spectacles – contact lenses online”, the history of mirror dates back to the ancient time when mankind first saw reflections in a pound or river and considered it magic. At first polished stone or later glass was used in early man-made mirrors later glass was used in combination with metals like tin, mercury, and lead to create mirror.  Today combing glass and metal is still design used in almost all modern mirrors.  Mirrors are made by coating flat glass with silver, gold or mirror paints dates from Roman times and the inventor is unknown.
According to steve Robinson (htlp:11 www. Restoration-advice org/pages/mirrors-history html), mirror made of brass are mentioned is the bible, and mirrors of bronze were is common use among the ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans.  Polished silver was also used by the Greeks and Romans to produce reflection.  Crude form of glass mirrors were first made is Venice in 1300.  By the end of 17th century mirrors were made is Britain and  the manufacture of mirrors developed in the other European countries and in U.SA.
The first attempt to back glass with a solution of silver was made by the German chemist Justus von liebiy in 1836, various methods have been developed since then, that depend on the chemical reduction of a silver salt to metallic silver.     
1.2       DEFINITON:            According to “the history of glass-mirror on line” mirror can be defined as a reflecting surface that forms an image of an object when light rays coming from that object fall upon the surface.  A plane mirror, which is flat, reflects light without changing the image.  Thee are two types of mirror; the convex mirror and the concave mirror. A convex mirror look like an upside-down bowl.  In a concave mirror which has bigger in the center, while a concave mirror which has a bowl shape, object looks smaller in the center the
1.3       AIM:   The aim of this project is to determine the production of plane mirror using local raw materials due to its application in our daily activity and life.
1.4       SCOPE OF STUDY:            The scope of this project is to outline the sequence of production of mirror using local raw material and the operations involved.
1.5       USES: The uses of plane mirror in science cannot be overemphasized. For instance, plane mirror is one of he apparatus needed for the experimental verification of the law of reflection in physics.  The inclination of plane mirrors can also help in the manufacture of periscope and kaleidoscope.  Plane mirror is also widely used in our home as security.  It is also use to see distance object in our homes.  It can be used in building houses after tempering and for domestic purposes.
1.6       PROPERTIES:         Plane mirror undergoes regular refection and produce a virtual image on incident beam of light or ray of light on the surface, but apart form that plane mirror has physical and chemical properties.  This physical properties are viscosity, strength, index of refraction, dispersion light transmission, (both total and as a function of wavelength, corrosion resistance and electrical properties.  The chemical properties are reaction involves diffusion of corns out of glass into the attacking materials and counter diffusion of ions form attacking material into the glass.  Reactions in which the silicate network is demolished.

PRODUCTION OF PLANT MIRROR USING LOCAL RAW MATERIAL
For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853

Share This
  • Type: Project
  • Department: Chemical Engineering
  • Project ID: CNG0007
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Chapters: 6 Chapters
  • Pages: 57 Pages
  • Methodology: nil
  • Reference: YES
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 2K
Payment Instruction
Bank payment for Nigerians, Make a payment of ₦ 5,000 to

Bank GTBANK
gtbank
Account Name Obiaks Business Venture
Account Number 0211074565

Bitcoin: Make a payment of 0.0005 to

Bitcoin(Btc)

btc wallet
Copy to clipboard Copy text

500
Leave a comment...

    Details

    Type Project
    Department Chemical Engineering
    Project ID CNG0007
    Fee ₦5,000 ($14)
    Chapters 6 Chapters
    No of Pages 57 Pages
    Methodology nil
    Reference YES
    Format Microsoft Word

    Related Works

    ABSTRACT The project aims to develop a flow process to obtain the optimum temperature and time necessary for the maximum recovery of alkali present in palm inflorescence. On this ground, a preliminary experiment was performed. During this process, both male and female palm inflorescence were compared for maximum alkali production and it was... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The project aims to develop a flow process to obtain the optimum temperature and time necessary for the maximum recovery of alkali present in palm inflorescence. On this ground, a preliminary experiment was performed.  During this process, both male and female palm inflorescence were compared for maximum alkali production and it was... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT The project aims to develop a flow process to obtain the optimum temperature and time necessary for the maximum recovery of alkali present in palm inflorescence. On this ground, a preliminary experiment was performed. During this process, both male and female palm inflorescence were compared for maximum alkali production and it was... Continue Reading
    INVESTIGATION OF THE PRODUCTION OF GOOD QUALITY ETHANOL FROM LOCAL RAW MATERIAL (CASSAVA) USING MICRO ORGANISM WITHIN OUR LOCALITY ABSTRACT A literature review of ethanol production from local materials especially from cassava is presented. The study was carried out to investigate the production of a good quality ethanol from cassava using... Continue Reading
    Negotiation as A Cost Reduction Technique In Material Procurement at Nigerian Bottling Company Plc Kaduna Plant CHAPTER I:    Introduction Every human being needs water to survive, so also every organization needs materials to survive. In the private and public sector, their total expenditure is mainly spent on acquiring either materials or... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT           The concept of this project is to actualize a practical way of paint production using a locally design mixing machine which is design to meet a low cost and high standard paint.           The project cut across all forms of engineering, such as mechanical machine design of a simple industrial mixer, which is... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT This project is on the production of paint from the available materials. The first process involved was the sourcing of the available material which include calcium carbonate (dotonute) water etc. the next step is the proper production procedure. The same product patterns was... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT This project is on the production of paint from the available materials. The first process involved was the sourcing of the available material which include calcium carbonate (dotonute) water etc. the next step is the proper production procedure. The same product patterns was employed while the production was valued with a view to obtain... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT This project is on the production of paint from the available materials. The first process involved was the sourcing of the available material which include calcium carbonate (dotonute) water etc. the next step is the proper production procedure. The same product patterns was... Continue Reading
    ABSTRACT This project is on the production of paint from the available materials.  The first process involved was the sourcing of the available material which include calcium carbonate (dotonute) water etc.  the next step is the proper production procedure.  The  same product patterns was employed while the production was valued with a view to... Continue Reading
    Call Us
    Get this work
    whatsappWhatsApp Us