NON ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF BIOETHANOL FROM CELLULOSE IN WASTEPAPER MATERIALS.

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TABLE OF CONTENT 

         Pages 

Title Page                                                                                                 i 

Certification                                                                                             ii 

Dedication                                                                                               iii 

Acknowledgements                                                                                 iv 

Table of Contents                                                                                     v 

Abstract                                                                                                    vii 

CHAPTER ONE 

1.0 Introduction/Background of Study                                                     1 

1.1 Aim                                                                                                     4 

1.2 Statement of Research Objective                                                       4 

1.3 Scope of Study                                                                                   5 

1.4 Literature Review                                                                               5 

1.4.1 Structure and Composition of Lignocellulose Biomass                  6 

1.4.2 Cellulose                                                                                         6 

1.4.3 Hemicellulose                                                                                 9 

1.4.4 Lignin                                                                                            10 

1.5 Wastepaper as a Feedstock for Ethanol Production                        11 

1.5.1 Wastepaper Defined                                                                     12 

1.6 Production of Ethanol from Cellulose                                              15 

1.6.1 Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation                                         16 

1.6.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis                                                                     17 

  

1.6.3 Acid Hydrolysis                                                                              19 

1.6.4 Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation                          21 

1.6.5 Thermochemical Processes                                                            23  

1.6.6 Fermentation                                                                                  24  

1.6.7 Distillation                                                                                      25 

1.7 Advantages of Cellulosic Ethanol over Corn (Grain) Ethanol            23  

1.7.1 Disadvantages of Cellulosic Ethanol over Starch Ethanol              27 

1.7.2 Uses of Ethanol                                                                              27 

1.7.2.1 E10                                                                                              28 

1.7.2.2 E15                                                                                              28 

1.7.2.3 E85                                                                                              28 

1.7.2.4 Intermediate Blends from Blender Pumps                                 29 

1.8  Economics of Lignocellulosics                                                        30  

CHAPTER TWO 

2.0 Experimental                                                                                   32 

2.1 Materials                                                                                         32 

2.1.1 List of Apparatus                                                                          32 

2.1.2 List of Reagents                                                                            33 

2.2 Method                                                                                           33 

2.2.1 Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation                                       33 

2.3 Precautions                                                                                    35  

  

CHAPTER THREE 

3.0 Results and Discussion                                                                 36 

3.1 Effect of the Method on Ethanol Yield                                         36 

3.2 Test For Glucose                                                                           37 

3.3 Test for Ethanol                                                                            37 

3.4 Discussion                                                                                    38 

3.5 Conclusion                                                                                   40 

3.6 Recommendation                                                                         41 

 References                                                                                         42 

 Appendix 1                                                                                       47 

 Appendix 2                                                                                       50 

 Appendix 3                                                                                       51 

  

     

       

 

ABSTRACT   

Wastepaper, which is a cellulose feedstock, is emerging as an attractive option for 

the production of bioethanol because of lower feedstock cost, higher potential for 

fossil fuel displacement and also there being a reduction in greenhouse gas 

emission as compared to production of ethanol from corn. The main objective of 

the current project is to minimize wastepaper loads on municipal solid waste by 

efficiently utilizing the wastepaper in the production of bioethanol. 

From the experiment, 100g of wastepaper produced 26ml of ethanol, using acid 

hydrolysis in Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) method. The ethanol 

produced having a percentage yield of 55.7% and a percentage purity of 77%. 

NON ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF BIOETHANOL FROM CELLULOSE IN WASTEPAPER MATERIALS.
For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853

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  • Type: Project
  • Department: Chemistry
  • Project ID: CHM0027
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Pages: 58 Pages
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 761
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    Details

    Type Project
    Department Chemistry
    Project ID CHM0027
    Fee ₦5,000 ($14)
    No of Pages 58 Pages
    Format Microsoft Word

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